This is MAJOR news.

Quotes: 
According to US pediatrician Jim Diamond, a surprising aspect of the results 
published by Ventria is that they used a group of children given a glucose 
solution as a control group, when there is an abundant medical literature showing 
that rice-based (non-transgenic) solutions work faster and more effectively 
in treating acute diarrhea.

This means that the company, with the complicity of the Peruvian institutes, 
may have intentionally used a less effective control for comparison purposes, 
in order to make the positive effects of their product appear more dramatic. 

(Dr. Jim Diamond is a current member, and former chair, of the national 
Sierra Club Genetic Engineering Committee.) 


Subj:   GMW: Babies as Guinea Pigs: Biotech company turns two Peruvian 
hospitals into laboratories    
Date:   7/13/2006 5:17:44 PM Central Daylight Time  
From:    [log in to unmask] (GM WATCH)
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GM WATCH daily

http://www.gmwatch.org

---

This is an English translation from the Spanish of an article in the Mexican 
publication, La Jornada



EXCERPTS: Because of the long and uncertain approval process for new drugs, 
especially those of this type, the [biotech] company apparently decided to 
carry out their experiments on children in the Third World, where regulations are 
more lax and where it seems easier to find institutions that lack adequate 
funding (or ethics).



...Ventria announced the results while ignoring the fact of having used 
Peruvian children as guinea pigs, when they wouldn't have been allowed to 
administer the same tests in their own country. The purpose of the tests is to hasten 
approval and attempt to gain moral legitimacy for the commercial use of their 
controversial product, which they now say is mostly for the Third World.



Nevertheless, their preferred market is not that of children in poor 
countries suffering from diarrhea, but rather the more lucrative market for so-called 
"nutriceuticals", including sports drinks and dietary supplements, among 
others. The Third World children simply offer more public relations value for the 
company.

---

Babies as Guinea Pigs: Biotech company turns two Peruvian hospitals into 
laboratories

Silvia Ribeiro*

http://etcblog.org/2006/07/13/babies-as-guinea-pigs-biotech-company-turns-two-
peruvian-hospitals-into-laboratories/



The biotech company Ventria Biosciences sponsored tests, on babies and 
children hospitalized at two pediatric institutes in Peru, of two new experimental 
drugs derived from transgenic rice that was genetically engineered with 
synthetic human genes to produce artificial human milk proteins.



The experiments - results of which were revealed this May in the US - were 
carried out at the Institute for Child Health and at the Nutrition Research 
Institute, both in Lima, Peru. The Peruvian public found out about the experiments 
when they were denounced by the Peruvian Human Rights Association and the 
Network for a GMO-Free Latin America. 



Ventria is a biotech company that specializes in so-called "Pharming," which 
refers to planting genetically-modified crops that are cultivated to produce 
pharmaceutical agents or chemicals. Such plant varieties are even more 
controversial than the GM (genetically-modified) crops designed for agricultural use. 
This is because the "Pharm" crops could contaminate food crops, via the 
movement of pollen or accidental mixing of crop residue, with significant health 
risks, particularly if they enter the human food chain.



So far, no drug produced by transgenic crops has been approved for human use 
in the US or anywhere else in the world. Ventria began planting GM pharma 
crops in California, but was forced to move them to Missouri and then to North 
Carolina in response to resistance by farm groups and by consumer and 
environmental organizations.



Because of the long and uncertain approval process for new drugs, especially 
those of this type, the company apparently decided to carry out their 
experiments on children in the Third World, where regulations are more lax and where 
it seems easier to find institutions that lack adequate funding (or ethics).



In a recent public relations move to makeover its image, Ventria now calls 
these products "medical foods," most likely in order to evade the stricter 
regulations for drug approvals. The company is carrying out experimental production 
of two recombinant human proteins, Lactoferrin and Lysozyme, which are 
present in their natural forms in mothers' milk, saliva, semen and other human 
bodily fluids. The recombinant versions are produced in genetically engineered 
rice, which contains the synthesized human gene sequences responsable for their 
production. Two of these, extracted from the modified rice, were tested on 
Peruvian children.



Ventria experimented with 140 children from the age of 5 months to 3 years 
who were suffering from diarrhea and were hospitalized at the above mentioned 
pediatric institutes. The tests lasted 48 hours in the hospital, with two 
follow-up visits during the following two weeks. The children were divided into 
three groups. One so called "control group" received an oral glucose-based 
re-hydration solution, a second group received a (non transgenic) rice-based 
solution, and a third group got the same rice solution with the addition of the 
recombinant Lactoferrin and Lysozyme.



According to the brief summary of the results that was published by the 
company, the children who received the recombinant treatment took an average of 
3.67 days to recover, while the control group took an average of 5.21 days. 
Ventria announced the results while ignoring the fact of having used Peruvian 
children as guinea pigs, when they wouldn't have been allowed to administer the 
same tests in their own country. The purpose of the tests is to hasten approval 
and attempt to gain moral legitimacy for the commercial use of their 
controversial product, which they now say is mostly for the Third World.



Nevertheless, their preferred market is not that of children in poor 
countries suffering from diarrhea, but rather the more lucrative market for so-called 
"nutriceuticals", including sports drinks and dietary supplements, among 
others. The Third World children simply offer more public relations value for the 
company.



According to US pediatrician Jim Diamond, a surprising aspect of the results 
published by Ventria is that they used a group of children given a glucose 
solution as a control group, when there is an abundant medical literature showing 
that rice-based (non-transgenic) solutions work faster and more effectively 
in treating acute diarrhea.



This means that the company, with the complicity of the Peruvian institutes, 
may have intentionally used a less effective control for comparison purposes, 
in order to make the positive effects of their product appear more dramatic. 
On the one hand, they exposed one group of children to unapproved transgenic 
drugs, while on the other, another group may have had their recovery delayed, 
because of an inferior treatment, for the purpose of obtaining better looking 
results.



There are many scientific articles - readily available on the Internet - that 
reveal cases of adverse reactions like allergies, formation of anti-bodies, 
etc. caused by exposure to transgenic human proteins, such as anti-coagulants, 
growth hormones and insulin. In some cases this has led to the removal of 
products from the market.



During the process of public consultation motivated by Ventria's experimental 
use applications to grow experimental field trials of pharma crops in the US, 
a number of organizations, including Consumers Union, the Center for Food 
Safety and Friends of the Earth-USA, provided authorities with comprehensive 
reports, referencing the scientific literature, in which they described in detail 
the possible adverse health effects of Ventria's recombinant Lactoferrin and 
Lysozyme. (1) They pointed out that the recombinant proteins are not identical 
to their natural counterparts, which means they could provoke immune system 
disorders or allergic reactions. The increased levels of Lactoferrin and 
Lysozyme could also favor the growth of pathogens, like the Helicobacter pyloris 
bacteria, which can cause gastritis and stomach cancer, the bacteria that cause 
meningitis, and others that cause illnesses that are difficult to treat because 
of antibiotic resistance.



Obviously Ventria knew about these reports when they decided to go ahead and 
place Third World children and infants at risk in experimental drug trials. If 
the Peruvian institutes also knew about these reports, then their complicity 
is criminal. If they didn’t carry out due diligence concerning risks, then 
their negligence is of the same order.



*This article is an English translation from the Spanish, which appeared in 
La Jornada (Mexico City) on July 1, 2006. Translated by Peter Rosset.



(1) Consumers Union's Comments on USDA Animal Plant Health Inspection Service 
(APHIS) Environmental Assessment for Field Test of Permit of Ventria 
Bioscience rice genetically engineered to express human lactoferrin, USDA/APHIS Docket 
No. 05-006-1, http://www.consumersunion.org/pub/2005/03/002090print.html 
Freese, Bill; Hansen, Michael and Gurian-Sherman, Doug. "Pharmaceutical Rice in 
California", July 2004, 
http://www.centerforfoodsafety.org/pubs/CARiceReport7.2004.pdf



Bill Freese at the Center for Food Safety has written an excellent summary on 
this issue. The briefing paper "An Assessment of Genetically Engineered 
Pharmaceutical Rice and Its Potential Use in Oral Rehydration Solutions to Treat 
Severe Diarrhea" will soon be available at www.centerforfoodsafety.org









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